51工具盒子本节将介绍用Shell脚本来分析Nginx负载均衡器的日志，这样可以快速得出排名靠前的网站和IP等，推荐大家使用线上环境下的Shell脚本。本节中的Shell脚本又分为两种情况，第一种情况是Nginx作为最前端的负载均衡器，其集群架构为Nginx+Keepalived时，脚本内容如下所示：
[root@tiejiang ~]# vim log-nginx.sh
#!/bin/bash
if ［$# -eq 0 ］; then
echo "Error: please specify logfile."
exit 0
else
LOG=$1
fi
if ［ ! -f$1 ］; then
echo "Sorry, sir, I can't find this apache log file, pls try again!"
exit 0
fi
####################################################
echo "Most of the ip:"
echo "-------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$1 }'$LOG| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }'$LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the page:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{print$11}'$LOG| sed 's/^.*\\(.cn*\\)\"/\\1/g'| sort| uniq -c| sort -rn| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time / Most of the ip:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }'$LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10 > timelog
for i in 'awk '{ print$2 }' timelog'
do
num='grep$i timelog| awk '{ print$1 }''
echo "$i$num"
ip='grep$i$LOG| awk '{ print$1}'| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10'
echo "$ip"
echo
done
rm -f timelog
#!/bin/bash
if ［$# -eq 0 ］; then
echo "Error: please specify logfile."
exit 0
else
LOG=$1
fi
if ［ ! -f$1 ］; then
echo "Sorry, sir, I can't find this apache log file, pls try again!"
exit 0
fi
####################################################
echo "Most of the ip:"
echo "-------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$1 }'$LOG| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }'$LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the page:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{print$11}'$LOG| sed 's/^.*\\(.cn*\\)\"/\\1/g'| sort| uniq -c| sort -rn| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time / Most of the ip:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }'$LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10 > timelog
for i in 'awk '{ print$2 }' timelog'
do
num='grep$i timelog| awk '{ print$1 }''
echo "$i$num"
ip='grep$i$LOG| awk '{ print$1}'| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10'
echo "$ip"
echo
done
rm -f timelog
#!/bin/bash
if ［$# -eq 0 ］; then
echo "Error: please specify logfile."
exit 0
else
cat$1| egrep -v '203.93.236.141|145' > LOG
fi
if ［ ! -f$1 ］; then
echo "Sorry, sir, I can't find this apache log file, pls try again!"
exit 0
fi
####################################################
echo "Most of the ip:"
echo "-------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$1 }' LOG| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }' LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the page:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{print$11}' LOG| sed 's/^.*\(.cn*\)\"/\1/g'| sort| uniq -c| sort -rn| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time / Most of the ip:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }' LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10 > timelog
for i in 'awk '{ print$2 }' timelog'
do
num='grep$i timelog| awk '{ print$1 }''
echo "$i$num"
ip='grep$i LOG| awk '{ print$1}'| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10'
echo "$ip"
echo
done
rm -f timelog
第二种情况是以Nginx作为Web端，置于LVS后面，这时要剔除掉LVS的IP地址，比如LVS服务器的公网IP地址(如203.93.236.141、203.93.236.145等)。这样可以将第一种情况的脚本略微调整一下，如下所示：
#!/bin/bash
if ［$# -eq 0 ］; then
echo "Error: please specify logfile."
exit 0
else
cat$1| egrep -v '203.93.236.141|145' > LOG
fi
if ［ ! -f$1 ］; then
echo "Sorry, sir, I can't find this apache log file, pls try again!"
exit 0
fi
####################################################
echo "Most of the ip:"
echo "-------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$1 }' LOG| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }' LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the page:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{print$11}' LOG| sed 's/^.*\(.cn*\)\"/\1/g'| sort| uniq -c| sort -rn| head -10
echo
echo
####################################################
echo "Most of the time / Most of the ip:"
echo "--------------------------------------------"
awk '{ print$4 }' LOG| cut -c 14-18| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10 > timelog
for i in 'awk '{ print$2 }' timelog'
do
num='grep$i timelog| awk '{ print$1 }''
echo "$i$num"
ip='grep$i LOG| awk '{ print$1}'| sort -n| uniq -c| sort -nr| head -10'
echo "$ip"
echo
done
rm -f timelog
我们可以用此脚本分析文件名为www_tomcat_20110331.log的文件。
［root@localhost 03］# sh counter_nginx.shwww_tomcat_20110331.log
大家应该跟我一样比较关注脚本运行后的第一项和第二项结果，即访问我们网站最多的IP和哪个时间段IP访问比较多，如下所示：Most of the ip:
-------------------------------------------
5440 117.34.91.54
9 119.97.226.226
4 210.164.156.66
4 173.19.0.240
4 109.230.251.35
2 96.247.52.15
2 85.91.140.124
2 74.168.71.253
2 71.98.41.114
2 70.61.253.194
Most of the time:
--------------------------------------------
12 15:31
11 09:45
10 23:55
10 21:45
10 21:37
10 20:29
10 19:54
10 19:44
10 19:32
10 19:13
如果对日志的要求不高，我们可以直接通过Awk和Sed来分析Linux日志(如果对Perl熟练也可以用它来操作)，还可以通过Awstats来进行详细分析，后者尤其适合Web服务器和邮件服务器。另外，如果对日志有特殊需求的话，还可以架设专用的日志服务器来收集Linux服务器日志。总之一句话：一切看需求而定。
