51工具盒子DDNS 与常规 DNS 不同的地方就是，DDNS 是动态的，而 DNS 是静态的。所以所谓 DDNS 其实就是利用 DNS 服务商的 API 接口，近乎实时地去更新 DNS 解析而已。
网上其实也有很多现成的工具和服务商，比如 ddnsclient、no-ip、花生壳等等，那么为什么还要自己造一个呢？这是因为网上的其实或多或少有限制，比如 no-ip 每 30 天要点链接确认状态。
准备 {#article-header-0}
- 华为云账号、密码，且域名已经托管在华为云上；
- 执行环境已安装
jq命令，如果要更新远程 IP，则还要安装sshpass；
功能 {#article-header-1}
- 自动检测公网 IP；
- 自动更新域名解析；
- 解析不存在则自动创建；
脚本 {#article-header-2}
#!/bin/bash
############### 授权信息（需修改成你自己的） ################
用户名
username="登陆的用户名"
密码
password="登陆密码"
做 DDNS 的根域名
zone_name="根域名"
做 DDNS 的域名，创建成功后就是通过该域名访问内网资源
record_name="解析域名"
#参考 ACME，选用如下地址
iam="iam.myhuaweicloud.com"
dns="dns.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com"
###################### 修改配置信息 #######################
域名类型，IPv4 为 A，IPv6 则是 AAAA
record_type="A"
IPv6 检测服务，本站检测服务仅在大陆提供
#ip=$(curl -s https://ipv6.vircloud.net)
IPv4 检测服务
ip=$(curl -s ifconfig.me)
#如果是要检测远程 IP，可参考下条命令
#ip=$(sshpass -p '远程主机密码' ssh 远程主机账号@远程主机 IP 或域名 'curl -s ifconfig.me' 2>/dev/null)
文件保存地址
#current_dir=$(cd dirname $0; pwd)
current_dir="/var/log/ddns-hw"
域名后不可带点
record_name=${record_name%.}
变动前的公网 IP 保存位置
ip_file="${current_dir}/ip.${record_name}.txt"
授权保存位置
auth_file="${current_dir}/huaweidns.${record_name}.auth"
域名识别信息保存位置
id_file="${current_dir}/huaweidns.${record_name}.ids"
监测日志保存位置
log_file="${current_dir}/huaweidns.${record_name}.log"
################### 判断日志文件夹是否存在 ##################
if [ ! -d "${current_dir}" ]; then
mkdir -p ${current_dir}
fi
###################### 监测日志格式 ########################
log() {
if [ "${1}" ]; then
echo -e "[$(date)] - ${1}" >> $log_file
echo -e "${1}"
fi
}
log "Initiated."
log "DDNS domain: ${record_name}"
###################### 检查响应数据 ########################
check(){
if [ "${1}" ]; then
log "${2}"
if [[ ${1} == ""code"" ]]; then
result=echo ${1} | grep -Po '(?<="message":")[^"]*'
message=" ERROR ENCOUNTERED. RETURN MESSGAE: ${result}"
log "${message}"
if [ ! -n "${3}" ]; then
exit 1
fi
elif [[ ${1} == ""error_msg"" ]]; then
result=echo ${1} | grep -Po '(?<="error_msg":")[^"]*'
message=" ERROR ENCOUNTERED. RETURN MESSGAE: ${result}"
log "${message}"
if [ ! -n "${3}" ]; then
exit 1
fi
elif [[ ${1} == ""total_count":0" ]]; then
message=" ERROR ENCOUNTERED. RETURN MESSGAE: Doesn't exist."
log "${message}"
if [ ! -n "${3}" ]; then
exit 1
fi
else
log " OK."
fi
else
log "${2}"
message=" NO DATA RECEIVED. CHECK NETWORK CONNECTIVITY."
log "${message}"
if [ ! -n "${3}" ]; then
exit 1
fi
fi
}
###################### 简单判断是否是 IP ####################
if [ "${ip}" != "${1#[0-9].[0-9]}" ]; then
log "IPv4 detected: ${ip}"
elif [ "${ip}" != "${1#:[0-9a-fA-F]}" ]; then
log "IPv6 detected: ${ip}"
else
log "No valid IP."
log "Check Done"
exit 0
fi
###################### 判断 IP 是否变化 ####################
if [ -f ${ip_file} ]; then
old_ip=$(cat ${ip_file})
else
dns_ip=$(curl -s -k -H "accept: application/dns-json" "https://doh.360.cn/resolve?name=${record_name}&type=A")
if [ -n "${dns_ip}" ]; then
dns_status=$(echo ${dns_ip} | jq -r ".Status")
if [ "${dns_status}" == "0" ]; then
dns_ip=$(echo ${dns_ip} | jq -r ".Answer[] | select(.type == 1) | .data")
else
dns_ip=""
fi
if [ "${dns_ip}" ]; then
old_ip=$(echo ${dns_ip} | head -n 1)
else
ping_dns=$(ping ${record_name} -c 1 2>/dev/null)
ping_ip=$(echo ${ping_dns} | awk -F ' ' '{print $3}' | head -n 1)
if [ ! -n "${ping_ip}" ]; then
old_ip=""
else
old_ip=${ping_ip:1:${#ping_ip}-2}
fi
fi
fi
if [ ! -n "${old_ip}" ]; then
log "No records detected."
else
echo "${old_ip}" > ${ip_file}
log "Last recorded IP: ${old_ip}"
fi
fi
if [ "${ip}" == "${old_ip}" ]; then
log "IP has not changed."
log "Done."
exit 0
else
log "IP changed, new IP: ${ip}, updating ..."
fi
###################### 获取操作授权 ######################
get_token(){
auth_content=$(curl -L -k -s -D - -X POST "https://${iam}/v3/auth/tokens" -H "Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf8" --data-raw "{"auth": {"identity": {"methods": ["password"],"password": {"user": {"name": "${username}","password": "${password}","domain": {"name": "${username}"}}}},"scope": {"project": {"name": "ap-southeast-1"}}}}")
check "${auth_content}" "Get token ..."
auth_identifier=$(echo "${auth_content}" | grep X-Subject-Token | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}')
auth_date=$(echo "${auth_content}" | grep "Date: " | awk -F ' ' '{print $2" "$4" "$3" "$5" "$6}')
auth_expire=$(date -d "${auth_date} +1day" +%s)
echo "${auth_expire} ${auth_identifier}" > ${auth_file}
log "Token obtained successfully."
}
log "Check token ..."
if [ -f ${auth_file} ] ; then
auth_identifier=$(head -1 ${auth_file} | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}')
auth_expire=$(head -1 ${auth_file} | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')
if [ ! -n "${auth_identifier}" ]; then
log "Token doesn't exist, getting ..."
get_token
else
current_date=$(date +%s)
if [[ "${current_date}" > "${auth_expire}" ]]; then
log "Token expires, refreshing ..."
get_token
fi
fi
log "Check token done."
else
log "Token doesn't exist, getting ..."
get_token
fi
###################### 获取域名 ID 信息 ######################
get_zone(){
zone_identifier=$(curl -s -X GET "https://${dns}/v2/zones?name=${zone_name}" -H "X-Auth-Token: ${auth_identifier}" -H "Content-Type: application/json")
check "${zone_identifier}" "get zone_id ..."
zone_identifier=$(echo "${zone_identifier}" | grep -Po '(?<="id":")[^"]' | head -1)
}
get_record(){
record_identifier=$(curl -s -X GET "https://${dns}/v2/zones/${zone_identifier}/recordsets?name=${record_name}&type=${record_type}" -H "X-Auth-Token: ${auth_identifier}" -H "Content-Type: application/json")
check "${record_identifier}" "get record_id ..." ${1}
record_identifier=$(echo "${record_identifier}" | grep -Po '(?<="id":")[^"]')
}
create_record(){
description=$(echo "Created on: "$(date +"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"))
record_identifier=$(curl -s -X POST "https://${dns}/v2/zones/${zone_identifier}/recordsets" -H "X-Auth-Token: ${auth_identifier}" -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data-raw "{"name":"${record_name}.","description":"${description}","type":"${record_type}","ttl":120,"records":["${ip}"]}")
check "${record_identifier}" "create record ..."
record_identifier=$(echo "${record_identifier}" | grep -Po '(?<="id":")[^"]*')
}
log "Check ids ..."
if [ -f ${id_file} ] ; then
zone_identifier=$(head -1 ${id_file})
if [ ! -n "${zone_identifier}" ]; then
log "Zone_id doesn't exist, getting ..."
get_zone
sed -i '1d' ${id_file}
sed -i '1i ${zone_identifier}' ${id_file}
log "Zond_id obtained successfully."
fi
record_identifier=$(tail -1 ${id_file})
if [ ! -n "${record_identifier}" ]; then
log "Record_id doesn't exist, getting ..."
get_record
sed -i '2d' ${id_file}
echo "${record_identifier}" >> ${id_file}
log "Record_id obtained successfully."
fi
log "Check ids done."
else
log "Ids doesn't exist, getting ..."
get_zone
get_record "create"
if [ ! -n "${record_identifier}" ]; then
log "Record_id doesn't exist, creating ..."
create_record
log "Record_id created successfully."
fi
echo "${zone_identifier}" > ${id_file}
echo "${record_identifier}" >> ${id_file}
fi
###################### 更新 DNS 记录 ######################
description=$(echo "Last updated on: "$(date +"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S"))
update=$(curl -s -X PUT "https://${dns}/v2/zones/${zone_identifier}/recordsets/${record_identifier}" -H "X-Auth-Token: ${auth_identifier}" -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data-raw "{"name":"${record_name}.","description" : "${description}","type":"${record_type}","ttl":120,"records":["${ip}"]}"")
check "${update}" "Updating record ..." "create"
record_identifier=$(echo "${update}" | grep -Po '(?<="id":")[^"]*')
if [ ! -n "${record_identifier}" ]; then
log "Record_id doesn't exist, creating ..."
create_record
log "Record_id created successfully."
sed -i '2d' ${id_file}
echo "${record_identifier}" >> ${id_file}
log "Record_id updated successfully."
fi
message="IP has been updated to: ${ip}"
echo "${ip}" > ${ip_file}
log "${message}"
log "Done."
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</code>
</pre>
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效果 {#article-header-3}
首次执行：
Initiated.
DDNS domain: zd.vircloud.net
IPv4 detected: 1.2.3.4
No records detected.
IP changed, new IP: 1.2.3.4, updating ...
Check token ...
Token doesn't exist, getting ...
Get token ...
OK.
Token obtained successfully.
Check ids ...
Ids doesn't exist, getting ...
get zone_id ...
OK.
get record_id ...
ERROR ENCOUNTERED. RETURN MESSGAE: Doesn't exist.
Record_id doesn't exist, creating ...
create record ...
OK.
Record_id created successfully.
Updating record ...
OK.
IP has been updated to: 1.2.3.4
Done.
Sh
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后续更新：
Initiated.
DDNS domain: zd.vircloud.net
IPv4 detected: 1.2.3.4
IP has not changed.
Done.
Sh
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Initiated.
DDNS domain: zd.vircloud.net
IPv4 detected: 1.2.3.5
IP changed, new IP: 1.2.3.5, updating ...
Check token ...
Check token done.
Check ids ...
Check ids done.
Updating record ...
OK.
IP has been updated to: 1.2.3.5
Done.
Sh
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