51工具盒子1.mysql数据库备份与恢复
1.1 数据库常用备份方案
数据库备份方案：
冷备份：先把数据库服务停掉，然后拷贝数据库目录下的文件进行备份 物理备份
温备份：
热备份：数据库服务正常运行情况，直接对数据库进行备份
全量备份：全部备份
增量备份：第一次全备，第二次在第一次全备更改的基础上备份
差异备份：全部备份，差异备份-->全备
备份方案 特点
全量备份 全量备份就是指对某一个时间点上的所有数据或应用进行的一个完全拷贝。数据恢复快。备份时间长
增量备份 增量备份是指在一次全备份或上一次增量备份后，以后每次的备份只需备份与前一次相比增加和者被修改的文件。这就意味着，第一次增量备份的对象是进行全备后所产生的增加和修改的文件；第二次增量备份的对象是进行第一次增量备份后所产生的增加和修改的文件，如此类推。没有重复的备份数据，备份时间短，恢复数据时必须按一定的顺序进行
差异备份 备份上一次的完全备份后发生变化的所有文件。差异备份是指在一次全备份后到进行差异备份的这段时间内，对那些增加或者修改文件的备份。在进行恢复时，我们只需对第一次全量备份和最后一次差异备份进行恢复。
1.2 mysql备份工具mysqldump
//语法：
mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables ...]//备份表（多表之间用空格连接）
mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS]//全备
mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...]//备份指定的数据库
//常用的OPTIONS：
-uUSERNAME //指定数据库用户名
-hHOST //指定服务器主机，请使用ip地址
-pPASSWORD //指定数据库用户的密码
-P# //指定数据库监听的端口，这里的#需用实际的端口号代替，如-P3307
[root@mr ~]# mysqldump -uroot -pmarui runtime tb_course > tb_course-$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S').sql （备份表）
mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@mr ~]# ls
tb_course-20220731140014.sql
[root@mr ~]# vim .my.cnf（免密登录）
[mysqldump]
user=root
password=marui
（实现免密登录）
[root@mr ~]# mysqldump runtime tb_course > tb_course-$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S').sql
[root@mr ~]# ls
tb_course-20220731140014.sql
tb_course-20220731140726.sql
[root@mr ~]# mysqldump --databases runtime > runtime-$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S').sql（备份数据库）
[root@mr ~]# ls
runtime-20220731141008.sql
[root@mr ~]# mysqldump --all-databases > all-$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S').sql（全备）
[root@mr ~]# ls
all-20220731141206.sql
[root@mr ~]# </code></pre>
1.3 mysql数据恢复
mysql> delete from tb_course where id = 5 or id = 6;（删除数据）
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | Java |
| 2 | Mysql |
| 3 | Python |
| 4 | Go |
+----+-------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt;
[root@mr ~]# vim .my.cnf
[mysqldump]
user=root
password=marui
[client]
user=root
password=marui
方法一：
[root@mr ~]# mysql runtime &amp;lt; tb_course-20220731140726.sql
mysql&amp;gt; show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_runtime |
+-------------------+
| tb_course |
| tb_students_info |
+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | Java |
| 2 | Mysql |
| 3 | Python |
| 4 | Go |
| 5 | C++ |
| 6 | HTML |
+----+-------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt;
方法二：
mysql&amp;gt; source tb_course-20220731140726.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
......
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | Java |
| 2 | Mysql |
| 3 | Python |
| 4 | Go |
| 5 | C++ |
| 6 | HTML |
+----+-------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
物理备份
[root@mr ~]# cd /opt/data/
[root@mr data]# ls
auto.cnf client-key.pem ib_logfile1 mysql_bin.000003 performance_schema server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem ib_buffer_pool ibtmp1 mysql_bin.000004 private_key.pem server-key.pem
ca.pem ibdata1 mr.err mysql_bin.index public_key.pem sys
client-cert.pem ib_logfile0 mysql mysql.pid runtime
[root@mr data]# mkdir /opt/mysql_bak/
[root@mr data]# mv * /opt/mysql_bak/
[root@mr data]# ls
mysql&gt; show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt;
[root@mr data]# mv /opt/mysql_bak/* .
[root@mr data]# ls
auto.cnf client-key.pem ib_logfile1 mysql_bin.000003 performance_schema server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem ib_buffer_pool ibtmp1 mysql_bin.000004 private_key.pem server-key.pem
ca.pem ibdata1 mr.err mysql_bin.index public_key.pem sys
client-cert.pem ib_logfile0 mysql mysql.pid runtime
[root@mr data]#
mysql&amp;gt; show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| runtime |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
1.4 差异备份
[root@mr ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
server-id=10
log-bin=mysql_bin
[root@mr ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@mr ~]# mysqldump --single-transaction --flush-logs --master-data=2 --all-databases --delete-master-logs &gt; all.chayi.sql
（--single-transaction是事务日志，--flush-logs是刷新日志，--master-data=2指定master标志符，--delete-master-logs删除主的日志）
[root@mr ~]# ls
all.chayi.sql
[root@mr ~]#
mysql&amp;gt; insert tb_course(course_name) values('English'),('math');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql&amp;gt; delete from tb_course where id = 4;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | Java |
| 2 | Mysql |
| 3 | Python |
| 5 | C++ |
| 6 | HTML |
| 7 | English |
| 8 | math |
+----+-------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
刷新二进制日志
[root@mr ~]# ll /opt/data/
total 123060
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 713 Jul 31 16:04 mysql_bin.000003
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 19 Jul 31 15:59 mysql_bin.index
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 Jul 27 16:21 sys
[root@mr ~]# cat /opt/data/mysql_bin.index
./mysql_bin.000003
[root@mr ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -pmarui flush-logs
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@mr ~]# ll /opt/data/
total 123064
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jul 27 16:21 mysql
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 760 Jul 31 16:09 mysql_bin.000003
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 154 Jul 31 16:09 mysql_bin.000004
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 38 Jul 31 16:09 mysql_bin.index
[root@mr ~]# cat /opt/data/mysql_bin.index
./mysql_bin.000003
./mysql_bin.000004
[root@mr ~]#
[root@mr ~]# mysql &amp;lt; all.chayi.sql
mysql&amp;gt; show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| runtime |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; use runtime;
Database changed
mysql&amp;gt; select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | Java |
| 2 | Mysql |
| 3 | Python |
| 4 | Go |
| 5 | C++ |
| 6 | HTML |
+----+-------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt;
mysql&amp;gt; show binlog events in 'mysql_bin.000003';
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000003 | 4 | Format_desc | 10 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.38-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 10 | 154 | |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid | 10 | 219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 219 | Query | 10 | 294 | BEGIN |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 294 | Table_map | 10 | 352 | table_id: 140 (runtime.tb_course) |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 352 | Write_rows | 10 | 410 | table_id: 140 flags: STMT_END_F |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 410 | Xid | 10 | 441 | COMMIT /* xid=480 */ |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 441 | Anonymous_Gtid | 10 | 506 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 506 | Query | 10 | 581 | BEGIN |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 581 | Table_map | 10 | 639 | table_id: 140 (runtime.tb_course) |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 639 | Delete_rows | 10 | 682 | table_id: 140 flags: STMT_END_F |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 682 | Xid | 10 | 713 | COMMIT /* xid=482 */ |
| mysql_bin.000003 | 713 | Rotate | 10 | 760 | mysql_bin.000004;pos=4 |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt;
[root@mr ~]# mysqlbinlog --stop-position=682 /opt/data/mysql_bin.000003 | mysql -uroot -pmarui
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@mr ~]#
mysql&amp;gt; show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| runtime |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; use runtime;
Database changed
mysql&amp;gt; select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
| 1 | Java |
| 2 | Mysql |
| 3 | Python |
| 4 | Go |
| 5 | C++ |
| 6 | HTML |
| 7 | English |
| 8 | math |
+----+-------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
2 mysql多实例部署
1 软件下载
[root@mr ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@mr src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2 配置用户和组并解压二进制程序至/usr/local下
[root@mr src]# id mysql
id: 'mysql': no such user
[root@mr src]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@mr src]# ls
debug kernels mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@mr src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@mr src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mr local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 6 09:33 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 31 17:26 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 6 09:33 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 src
[root@mr local]#
[root@mr local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
[root@mr local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 6 09:33 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 35 Jul 31 17:27 mysql -&gt; mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 31 17:26 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 6 09:33 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 src
[root@mr local]#
[root@mr local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
[root@mr local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 6 09:33 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 35 Jul 31 17:27 mysql -&gt; mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mysql mysql 129 Jul 31 17:26 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 6 09:33 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 19 2020 src
[root@mr local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@mr local]# ls
bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin share src
[root@mr local]# cd mysql
[root@mr mysql]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files
[root@mr mysql]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' &gt; /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@mr mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@mr mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
[root@mr mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/include/mysql
[root@mr mysql]# ll -d /usr/include/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 25 Jul 31 17:31 /usr/include/mysql -&gt; /usr/local/mysql/include/
[root@mr mysql]#
[root@mr mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@mr mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
3 创建各实例数据存放的目录
[root@mr ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/{3306,3307,3308}
[root@mr ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@mr ~]# ll -d /opt/data/
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 42 Jul 31 17:40 /opt/data/
[root@mr ~]# tree /opt/data/
/opt/data/
├── 3306
├── 3307
└── 3308
3 directories, 0 files
[root@mr ~]# &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
4 初始化各实例
[root@mr ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3306
2022-07-31T09:44:28.907046Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-31T09:44:29.040275Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-31T09:44:29.064827Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-31T09:44:29.068832Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 5f337cfb-10b5-11ed-8041-000c2950070e.
2022-07-31T09:44:29.069409Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-31T09:44:29.481826Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T09:44:29.481870Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T09:44:29.482251Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-31T09:44:29.507332Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ds=WqMxEw5B%
[root@mr ~]# echo 'ds=WqMxEw5B%' &gt; 3306
[root@mr ~]# cat 3306
ds=WqMxEw5B%
[root@mr ~]#
[root@mr ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3307
2022-07-31T09:45:57.115760Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-31T09:45:57.253402Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-31T09:45:57.274926Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-31T09:45:57.279112Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 93c74f09-10b5-11ed-844a-000c2950070e.
2022-07-31T09:45:57.280633Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-31T09:45:57.576351Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T09:45:57.576387Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T09:45:57.576764Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-31T09:45:57.596717Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: LzXC#WG-x1Kd
[root@mr ~]# echo 'LzXC#WG-x1Kd' &gt; 3307
[root@mr ~]# cat 3307
LzXC#WG-x1Kd
[root@mr ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3308
2022-07-31T09:46:48.315446Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-31T09:46:48.483622Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-31T09:46:48.509017Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-31T09:46:48.517038Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b251987e-10b5-11ed-8604-000c2950070e.
2022-07-31T09:46:48.517584Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-31T09:46:48.708884Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T09:46:48.708917Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-31T09:46:48.709402Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-31T09:46:48.811564Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,L&amp;rJy+Sm9z:
[root@mr ~]# echo ',L&amp;rJy+Sm9z:' &gt; 3308
[root@mr ~]# cat 3308
,L&amp;rJy+Sm9z:
[root@mr ~]#
[root@mr ~]# ls
3306 3307 3308 anaconda-ks.cfg
5 安装perl
[root@mr ~]# yum -y install perl
......
python3-rpm-macros-3-42.el8.noarch
qt5-srpm-macros-5.15.3-1.el8.noarch
redhat-rpm-config-125-1.el8.noarch
rust-srpm-macros-5-2.el8.noarch
systemtap-sdt-devel-4.7-1.el8.x86_64
unzip-6.0-46.el8.x86_64
zip-3.0-23.el8.x86_64
Complete!
[root@mr ~]# &lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
配置配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[root@mr ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
[mysqld3306]
datadir = /opt/data/3306
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid
log-error=/var/log/3306.log
[mysqld3307]
datadir = /opt/data/3307
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3307/mysql_3307.pid
log-error=/var/log/3307.log
[mysqld3308]
datadir = /opt/data/3308
port = 3308
socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock
pid-file = /opt/data/3308/mysql_3308.pid
log-error=/var/log/3308.log&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
启动各实例
[root@mr ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
[root@mr ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@mr ~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
[root@mr ~]# mysqld_multi start 3308
[root@mr ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@mr ~]#
初始化密码
[root@mr ~]# ls
3306 3307 3308 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@mr ~]# cat 3306
ds=WqMxEw5B%
[root@mr ~]# mysql -uroot -pds=WqMxEw5B% -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql&amp;gt; set password = password('3306');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; exit
Bye
[root@mr ~]# mysql -uroot -p3306 -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql&amp;gt;
[root@mr ~]# cat 3307
LzXC#WG-x1Kd
[root@mr ~]# mysql -uroot -pLzXC#WG-x1Kd -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql&amp;gt; set password = password('3307');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; exit
Bye
[root@mr ~]# mysql -uroot -p3307 -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql&amp;gt;
[root@mr ~]# cat 3308
,L&amp;amp;rJy+Sm9z:
[root@mr ~]# mysql -uroot -p',L&amp;amp;rJy+Sm9z:' -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql&amp;gt; set password = password('3308');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql&amp;gt; exit
Bye
[root@mr ~]# mysql -uroot -p'3308' -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql&amp;gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
