51工具盒子好久没更新了，实在不知道写点什么好，就在网上找了一些资源。正文是杜老师整理的 9 个实用 Shell 脚本，供有需要的小伙伴参考。需要注意的是，这些脚本为杜老师收集，并没有测试过，小伙伴们使用之前要先测试。
写在最前 {#写在最前}
常来的小伙伴应该发现杜老师说近两周没有更新了，过年期间确实有太多的事情需要处理，各种亲戚走动等等。目前已经处理差不多了，工作上的节奏也已慢慢稳定，近期开始补上之前拖更文章。开头也祝愿来访的小伙伴们龙年大吉，博客访问蒸蒸日上，身体和服务器健健康康，心想和收入皆遂意！
DoS 攻击防范自动屏蔽攻击 IP {#DoS-攻击防范自动屏蔽攻击-IP}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | #!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M) LOG_FILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/demo2.access.log ABNORMAL_IP=$(tail -n5000 $LOG_FILE | grep $DATE | awk '{a[$1]++}END{for(i in a)if(a[i]>10)print i}') for IP in $ABNORMAL_IP; do if [ $(iptables -vnL | grep -c "$IP") -eq 0 ]; then iptables -I INPUT -s $IP -j DROP echo "$(date +'%F_%T') $IP" >>/tmp/drop_ip.log fi done |
Linux 系统发送告警邮件的脚本 {#Linux-系统发送告警邮件的脚本}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 | # yum install mailx # vi /etc/mail.rc set from=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp=smtp.163.com set smtp-auth-user=baojingtongzhi@163.com smtp-auth-password=123456 set smtp-auth=login |
MySQL 数据库的单循环备份 {#MySQL-数据库的单循环备份}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | #!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S) HOST=localhost USER=backup PASS=123.com BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null | egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys") for DB in $DB_LIST; do BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE}.sql if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -B $DB >$BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!" fi done |
MySQL 数据库的多循环备份 {#MySQL-数据库的多循环备份}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | #!/bin/bash DATE=$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S) HOST=localhost USER=backup PASS=123.com BACKUP_DIR=/data/db_backup DB_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "show databases;" 2>/dev/null | egrep -v "Database|information_schema|mysql|performance_schema|sys") for DB in $DB_LIST; do BACKUP_DB_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/${DB}_${DATE} [ ! -d $BACKUP_DB_DIR ] && mkdir -p $BACKUP_DB_DIR &>/dev/null TABLE_LIST=$(mysql -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS -s -e "use $DB;show tables;" 2>/dev/null) for TABLE in $TABLE_LIST; do BACKUP_NAME=$BACKUP_DB_DIR/${TABLE}.sql if ! mysqldump -h$HOST -u$USER -p$PASS $DB $TABLE >$BACKUP_NAME 2>/dev/null; then echo "$BACKUP_NAME 备份失败!" fi done done |
Nginx 的访问日志按天切割 {#Nginx-的访问日志按天切割}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | #!/bin/bash LOG_DIR=/usr/local/nginx/logs YESTERDAY_TIME=$(date -d "yesterday" +%F) LOG_MONTH_DIR=$LOG_DIR/$(date +"%Y-%m") LOG_FILE_LIST="default.access.log" for LOG_FILE in $LOG_FILE_LIST; do [ ! -d $LOG_MONTH_DIR ] && mkdir -p $LOG_MONTH_DIR mv $LOG_DIR/$LOG_FILE $LOG_MONTH_DIR/${LOG_FILE}_${YESTERDAY_TIME} done kill -USR1 $(cat /var/run/nginx.pid) |
Nginx 访问日志的分析脚本 {#Nginx-访问日志的分析脚本}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | #!/bin/bash #日志格式: $remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" LOG_FILE=$1 echo "统计访问最多的 10 个 IP" awk '{a[$1]++}END{print "UV:",length(a);for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE | sort -k2 -nr | head -10 echo "----------------------" echo "统计时间段访问最多 IP" awk '$4>="[01/Dec/2018:13:20:25" && $4<="[27/Nov/2018:16:20:49"{a[$1]++}END{for(v in a)print v,a[v]}' $LOG_FILE | sort -k2 -nr | head -10 echo "----------------------" echo "统计访问最多 10 个页面" awk '{a[$7]++}END{print "PV:",length(a);for(v in a){if(a[v]>10)print v,a[v]}}' $LOG_FILE | sort -k2 -nr echo "----------------------" echo "统计访问页面状态码的数量" awk '{a[$7" "$9]++}END{for(v in a){if(a[v]>5)print v,a[v]}}' |
查看网卡实时流量脚本 {#查看网卡实时流量脚本}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | #!/bin/bash NIC=$1 echo -e " In ------ Out" while true; do OLD_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev) OLD_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev) sleep 1 NEW_IN=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $2}' /proc/net/dev) NEW_OUT=$(awk '$0~"'$NIC'"{print $10}' /proc/net/dev) IN=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_IN - $OLD_IN) / 1024))" "KB/s") OUT=$(printf "%.1f%s" "$((($NEW_OUT - $OLD_OUT) / 1024))" "KB/s") echo "$IN $OUT" sleep 1 done |
服务器系统配置初始化脚本 {#服务器系统配置初始化脚本}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 | #/bin/bash #设置时区同步时间 ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime if ! crontab -l | grep ntpdate &>/dev/null; then ( echo "* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1" crontab -l ) | crontab fi #禁用 SELinux 防火墙 sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config #关闭各版本防火墙 if egrep "7.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld elif egrep "6.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off fi #历史命令显示操作时间 if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "' >>/etc/bashrc fi #SSH 的超时时间 if ! grep "TMOUT=600" /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then echo "export TMOUT=600" >>/etc/profile fi #禁止 root 的远程登录 sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config #禁止定时任务发送邮件 sed -i 's/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=""/' /etc/crontab #设置最大打开的文件数 if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535 EOF fi #系统内核优化 cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20 EOF #减少 Swap 的使用 echo "0" >/proc/sys/vm/swappiness #安装系统性能分析工具 yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat if |
监控 100 台服务器磁盘利用率脚本 {#监控-100-台服务器磁盘利用率脚本}
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| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | #!/bin/bash HOST_INFO=host.info for IP in $(awk '/^[^#]/{print $1}' $HOST_INFO); do USER=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $2}' $HOST_INFO) PORT=$(awk -v ip=$IP 'ip==$1{print $3}' $HOST_INFO) TMP_FILE=/tmp/disk.tmp ssh -p $PORT $USER@$IP 'df -h' >$TMP_FILE USE_RATE_LIST=$(awk 'BEGIN{OFS="="}/^\/dev/{print $NF,int($5)}' $TMP_FILE) for USE_RATE in $USE_RATE_LIST; do PART_NAME=${USE_RATE%=*} USE_RATE=${USE_RATE#*=} if [ $USE_RATE -ge 80 ]; then echo "Warning: $PART_NAME Partition usage $USE_RATE%!" fi done done |
