本文主要记录在 Ubuntu 20.04.1 Desktop 版本中配置 Nginx、Mysql、PHP、phpMyAdmin。

提示：如果不太了解各项配置的意思，切勿在服务器生产环境中按本文配置！

安装 Nginx

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• 移除老旧或冲突软件

sudo apt purge apache2* php7.0* mysql* phpmyadmin*
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt autoclean

如果不能用*完全移除，可输入sudo apt purge apache2-然后按tab键一个一个删除。奇怪的 bug。

• 如果发生奇怪的事情，比如卸载apache2的时候把桌面或者设置都卸载了，趁重启前重装一下。

sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt install gnome-control-center

• 查找并清除 apache 配置

whereis apache2
sudo rm -rf /etc/apache2

• 移除 MySQL 的配置文件

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/
sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql/

• 最后再查看 apache2 是否还有残留

dpkg -l | grep apache2*

• 安装 Nginx

sudo apt install nginx -y

安装 PHP

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sudo apt install php7.4 -y
sudo apt install php7.4-{common,curl,xsl,iconv,bcmath,bz2,intl,gd,mbstring,mysql,zip,fpm,cli,soap,redis,sqlite3} -y

安装 Mysql

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sudo apt install mysql-server mysql-client libmysqlclient-dev -y

• 查看初始密码

sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

安装 phpMyAdmin

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sudo apt install phpmyadmin -y

• 修改验证方式

sudo mysql
mysql> SELECT user,plugin,host FROM mysql.user WHERE user = 'root';
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '******';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit;

• 新建pma用户或者controluser改为root

sudo vim /etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = TRUE;
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser'] = 'root';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass'] = '';

• 修改登录 PMA 用户为 root

sudo vim /etc/phpmyadmin/config-db.php

$dbuser='root';

• 配置 Nginx 访问 phpMyAdmin

sudo ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin /var/www/html/phpmyadmin

cd /etc/nginx/sites-available/
sudo vim default

location /phpmyadmin {
    root /usr/share/;
    index index.php;
    try_files $uri $uri/ =404;

location ~ ^/phpmyadmin/(doc|sql|setup)/ {
    deny all;
    }

location ~ /phpmyadmin/(.+.php)${
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
    # include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    }
}

禁止开机启动

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sudo systemctl disable nginx
sudo systemctl disable mysql
sudo systemctl disable php7.4-fpm
#sudo systemctl disable apache2

需要用的时候手动打开

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sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl start mysql
sudo systemctl start php7.4-fpm
# or
sudo service nginx start