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SQLite Having 子句

SQLite Having 子句

HAVING 子句允许指定条件来过滤将出现在最终结果中的分组结果。

WHERE 子句在所选列上设置条件,而 HAVING 子句则在由 GROUP BY 子句创建的分组上设置条件。

语法

下面是 HAVING 子句在 SELECT 查询中的位置:

SELECT

FROM

WHERE

GROUP BY

HAVING

ORDER BY

在一个查询中,HAVING 子句必须放在 GROUP BY 子句之后,必须放在 ORDER BY 子句之前。下面是包含 HAVING 子句的 SELECT 语句的语法:

SELECT column1, column2

FROM table1, table2

WHERE [ conditions ]

GROUP BY column1, column2

HAVING [ conditions ]

ORDER BY column1, column2

实例

假设 COMPANY 表有以下记录:

ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY


1 Paul 32 California 20000.0

2 Allen 25 Texas 15000.0

3 Teddy 23 Norway 20000.0

4 Mark 25 Rich-Mond 65000.0

5 David 27 Texas 85000.0

6 Kim 22 South-Hall 45000.0

7 James 24 Houston 10000.0

8 Paul 24 Houston 20000.0

9 James 44 Norway 5000.0

10 James 45 Texas 5000.0

下面是一个实例,它将显示名称计数小于 2 的所有记录:

sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) < 2;

这将产生以下结果:

ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY


2 Allen 25 Texas 15000.0

5 David 27 Texas 85000.0

6 Kim 22 South-Hall 45000.0

4 Mark 25 Rich-Mond 65000.0

3 Teddy 23 Norway 20000.0

下面是一个实例,它将显示名称计数大于 2 的所有记录:

sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) > 2;

这将产生以下结果:

ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY


10 James 45 Texas 5000.0
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