完整报错内容如下：

error: rpmdb: BDB0113 Thread/process 162099/139704678967360 failed: BDB1507 Thread died in Berkeley DB library
error: db5 error(-30973) from dbenv->failchk: BDB0087 DB_RUNRECOVERY: Fatal error, run database recovery
error: cannot open Packages index using db5 - (-30973)
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
CRITICAL:yum.main:

Error: rpmdb open failed

原因：

在执行yum安装或更新的过程中有非正常中断的情况，导致rpm库异常

解决办法：
rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db.*

|---|----------------------------| | 1 | rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db.* |

重建rpm库
rpm --rebuilddb

|---|-----------------| | 1 | rpm --rebuilddb |

此时yum恢复正常