Vue 学习笔记之四Vue的Ajax请求-工具盒子

Vue的Ajax请求 {#4-vue的ajax请求}

4.1 Vue-resource插件介绍 {#41-vue-resource插件介绍}

下载地址：

https://github.com/pagekit/vue-resource/blob/develop/docs/http.md

$.ajax能做的事情，vue-resource插件一样也能做到，而且vue-resource的API更为简洁。另外，vue-resource还提供了非常有用的inteceptor功能，使用inteceptor可以在请求前和请求后附加一些行为，比如使用inteceptor在ajax请求时显示loading界面。

vue-resource的特点：

1. 体积小

vue-resource非常小巧，在压缩以后只有大约12KB，服务端启用gzip压缩后只有4.5KB大小，这远比jQuery的体积要小得多。

2. 支持主流的浏览器

和Vue.js一样，vue-resource除了不支持IE 9以下的浏览器，其他主流的浏览器都支持。

3. 支持Promise API和URI Templates

Promise是ES6的特性，Promise的中文含义为"先知"，Promise对象用于异步计算。
URI Templates表示URI模板，有些类似于ASP.NET MVC的路由模板。

4. 支持拦截器

拦截器是全局的，拦截器可以在请求发送前和发送请求后做一些处理。
拦截器在一些场景下会非常有用，比如请求发送前在headers中设置access_token，或者在请求失败时，提供共通的处理方式。

4.1.1 Methods {#411-methods}

get(url, [config])
head(url, [config])
delete(url, [config])
jsonp(url, [config])
post(url, [body], [config])
put(url, [body], [config])
patch(url, [body], [config])

4.1.2 Config {#412-config}

| Parameter | Type | Description | |------------------|--------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | url | string | URL to which the request is sent | | body | Object, FormData, string | Data to be sent as the request body | | headers | Object | Headers object to be sent as HTTP request headers | | params | Object | Parameters object to be sent as URL parameters | | method | string | HTTP method (e.g. GET, POST, ...) | | responseType | string | Type of the response body (e.g. text, blob, json, ...) | | timeout | number | Request timeout in milliseconds (0 means no timeout) | | credentials | boolean | Indicates whether or not cross-site Access-Control requests should be made using credentials | | emulateHTTP | boolean | Send PUT, PATCH and DELETE requests with a HTTP POST and set the X-HTTP-Method-Override header | | emulateJSON | boolean | Send request body as application/x-www-form-urlencoded content type | | before | function(request) | Callback function to modify the request object before it is sent | | uploadProgress | function(event) | Callback function to handle the ProgressEvent of uploads | | downloadProgress | function(event) | Callback function to handle the ProgressEvent of downloads |

4.1.3 Response {#413-response}

A request resolves to a response object with the following properties and methods:

| Property | Type | Description | |------------|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------| | url | string | Response URL origin | | body | Object, Blob, string | Response body | | headers | Header | Response Headers object | | ok | boolean | HTTP status code between 200 and 299 | | status | number | HTTP status code of the response | | statusText | string | HTTP status text of the response | | Method | Type | Description | | text() | Promise | Resolves the body as string | | json() | Promise | Resolves the body as parsed JSON object | | blob() | Promise | Resolves the body as Blob object |

4.1.4 实例 {#414-实例}

get请求

<!-- 导入vue.js和vue-resource.js,且按顺序导入 -->
<script src="../js/vue2.5.22.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="../js/vue-resource1.5.1.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<div id="app">
    {{ userList }}
    <button type="button" @click="getdata">get请求</button>
</div>

new Vue({
    el:'#app',
    data:{
        userList:null
    },
    methods:{
        getdata:function(){
            //请求的url
            var url = 'https://www.layui.com/demo/table/user/';
            //利用vue-resource发出Ajax请求
            this.$http.get(url)//发出请求
                .then(function(response){//获取服务器返回的数据
                this.userList = response.body;//获取当前url响应回来的数据
            });
        }
    }
})

post请求

new Vue({
    el:'#app',
    methods:{
        postdata:function(){
            //请求的url
            var url = 'https://www.layui.com/demo/table/user/';
            //利用vue-resource发出Ajax请求
            //post有三个参数:post(url,传入服务器的请求报文体数据,{emulateJson:true})
            this.$http.post(url,{name:'张三'},{emulateJson:true})//发出post请求
                .then(function(response){//获取服务器返回的数据
                console.log(response.body);//获取当前url响应回来的数据
            });
        }
    }
})

jsonp请求

new Vue({
    el:'#app',
    methods:{
        jsonpdata:function(){
            //请求的url
            var url = 'https://www.layui.com/demo/table/user/';
            //利用vue-resource发出Ajax请求
            //url后不需要跟callback参数
            this.$http.jsonp(url)
                .then(function(response){//获取服务器返回的数据
                console.log(response.body);//获取当前url响应回来的数据
            });
        }
    }
})